A) Rules covering all modes of transport

 

EXW- Ex Works (Delivery at Workplace)
The seller notifies the buyer by keeping the goods ready for the buyer’s order on the previously determined date. The buyer receives the goods from the enterprise and prepares the necessary documents for export, completes the customs procedures and imports the goods into his country. All costs and risks related to the goods are borne by the buyer after the delivery of the goods at the enterprise.

 

FCA – Free Carrier (No Cost to Carrier)
The seller completes the delivery procedures as soon as he transfers the goods to the custody of the first carrier at the specified date and place by completing the customs procedures. From this moment, all costs and risks related to the goods pass to the buyer. The freight charge is paid by the buyer like all other expenses.

 

CPT – Carriage Paid To (Carriage Paid)
The seller is obliged to pay the freight until the destination. From the moment the goods are transferred to the custody of the first carrier, all risks and expenses other than freight pass to the buyer.

 

CIP – Carriage and Insurance Paid To (Carriage and Insurance Paid)
The seller has the same obligations as in the CPT. However, in addition, he must provide cargo insurance against the risk of loss or damage during the carriage of the goods.

 

DAT – Delivered at Terminal
DAT is the placing of the goods at the disposal of the buyer at a terminal point determined together by the buyer and the seller (this point may be a port or a customs warehouse or the buyer’s factory) with the unloading costs borne by the seller. All customs procedures, costs, taxes, duties and charges arising at customs belong to the buyer.

 

DAP – Delivered at Place (Delivered at Set Location)
The goods are left at the disposal of the buyer on the transport vehicle ready for unloading at the unloading place (a port pier, customs point, airport) set by the buyer and seller. All customs procedures, costs, taxes, duties and charges arising at customs belong to the buyer. The seller bears the costs of transporting the goods to the designated place / terminal-related damage risks.

 

DDP – Delivered Duty Paid (Delivered with Custom Duty Paid)
The Seller prepares the goods in accordance with the terms of the contract. It prepares the necessary documents to be used in its own country and in the Buyer’s country, then completes export and import customs procedures. The carrier provides the vehicle and pays the freight fee. All costs and risks related to the goods until delivery belong to the seller. It realises the delivery at the place and date determined in the buyer’s country by paying the customs duties.
The buyer pays the price of the goods and receives the goods in accordance with the terms of the contract.

 

B) Rules specific to sea and inland water transport

 

FAS – Free Alongside Ship
The seller’s delivery obligation ends when the goods are placed on the dock or barge in line with the ship at the designated port. Loading, unloading, transport and insurance costs of the goods are paid by the buyer.

 

FOB – Free on Board
The Seller loads the goods on the ship provided by the Buyer on the specified date and place. Any damage, loss and expenses that may occur after the goods pass to the deck of the ship are the responsibility of the Buyer. The seller prepares all the necessary documents for export and delivers the goods by completing the customs procedures.

 

CFR – Cost and Freight
The seller undertakes all costs and risks and brings the goods to the port where they will be loaded. It carries out customs procedures and carries out the loading by paying the freight fee. From this moment on, all costs and risks related to the goods other than freight belong to the buyer.

 

CIF – Cost, Insurance and Freight
The seller assumes the insurance premium, freight and loading costs and risks and brings the goods to the port of loading. The seller makes a deal with the ship agent and offers. The seller notifies the buyer that the goods in the sales contract are loaded on the specified date and place. The seller shall take out the most comprehensive marine transport insurance suitable for the type of goods loaded by paying the insurance premium. After the goods are loaded on the ship, the costs and risks other than the freight and insurance premium pass to the buyer.